Solaris Role Based Access Control (RBAC)Lecture Notes: The problem with the traditional model is not just that root (superuser) is so powerful, but. There were some limited attempts to address this problem in Unix in the past (wheel. BSD, sudo, extended attributes (ACL). Role Based Access Control. RBAC) as implemented in Solaris 1. Solaris RBAC as implemented in Solaris 1. And as happens with really innovative features it was happily. US government for all those years since Solaris 1. Previous versions of RBAC with more limited capabilities. Solaris. It was first introduced in Trusted. Monitoring Performance. This chapter describes procedures for monitoring system performance by using the vmstat, iostat, df, and sar commands. Solaris Containers (including Solaris Zones) is an implementation of operating system-level virtualization technology for x86 and SPARC systems, first released. Secure and license PHP scripts with the new ionCube PHP Encoder 9. Encrypt and protect files with PHP encoding, encryption, obfuscation and licensing capabilities. Oracle Solaris 11.3 Release Notes l Describes the important installation issues, update issues, and runtime issues that you might need to consider before. Installing and Configuring VMware Tools September 2012 vSphere VMware Fusion VMware Player VMware Workstation This document supports the version of each product. A collection of documents, slides, and videos about Linux performance, mostly created by Brendan Gregg, and with a focus on performance analysis. Choosing a venue is one of the most delicate decisions that event professionals face. A research found what influences that decision. The largest trade shows in the. Certaspec A comprehensive roofing specification writing tool allowing users to quickly write accurate steep- and low-slope roofing specifications for job submittal. Learn how to use Windows 7 computer performance monitor tools, including Performance Monitor, Resource Monitor or Task Manager to measure system performance.Solaris and was later incorporated into the Solaris 8. In was improved and several additional predefined. Solaris 9. Still they fall short of requirements of enterprise system administrators. Solaris 1. 0 implementation has the qualities necessary for enterprise adoption of this feature. Among predefined roles that is several that are immediately useful and usable: All Provides a role access to commands without security attributes: all commands that. Solaris system (Solaris without RBAC implementation). Primary Administrator This is a role that is equivalent to the root user. System Administrator. Secondary administrators who can administer users (add, remove user. Has privileges solaris. Cannot change passwords. Has few security related capabilities but still capable of mounting volumes. Enables users to perform tasks that are not related to security. Printer Management. Dedicated to printer administration. But the original implementation has had severe limitation in defining new roles which blocked wide. Still even the old implementation that exited till Solaris 9 has sudo- style capability of one. If the user is assigned . Also if role has no password then switch of context does not require additional authentication (only. That can be convenient for some application roles. There were several problems with early RBAC implementations: Limited flexibility in constructing new roles. Hidden dangers of running selected commands with root privileges (that danger that is typified. Fuzzy interaction of RBAC facility with the extended attributes facility (ACL). Conversion of application- related accounts like oracle into roles was also. That changed with Solaris 1. RBAC model was extended with. Solaris privileges model. Role account uses a special shell (pfksh or pfsh). Please. note that bash is not on the list : -)Each user can assume as many roles as is required for him to perform his responsibilities (one at. Theoretically an administrator can map user responsibilities into a set of roles and then. And no user. should beg for root access any longer : -) But the devil is in details: even with Solaris 1. Role engineering is a pretty tough subject in itself even if technical capabilities. Still it looks like Solaris 1. Unix that managed to breaks old Unix dichotomy of . In this sense Solaris 1. XXI century Unix. The privilege model that. RBAC made it more flexible and useful, surpassing sudo in most respects. Like its predecessor sudo, Solaris RBAC provides the ability selectively package superuser. It might be useful to distinguish between following notions: Authorization - A right that is used to grant access to a restricted function. Profile - A mechanism used for grouping authorizations and commands for subsequent assignment. You can assign one or several profile to role. Role - A special type of user account that you cannot login directly, but can only. It intended for application accounts and sometimes is useful as a container. Role shell Special shell alias (for example pfksh, instead of ksh) that. RBAC database before execution of the command. Please note. that bash can't be used as role shell. RBAC relies on a database that consist of four flat files (naming suggests that Microsoft agents. Sun on large scale ; -), as the proper way to group related configuration files in Unix is. Essentially this is another mini- language in a family of approximately a hundred mini- languages. Sun boldly introduced for configuration files while naively expecting that administrators say with. Solaris no matter what perverse syntax they are using in . Consists of type of the account (type=) and authorizations list (auth=. If type is notmal. Unix account for example: root: :: :type=normal; auth=solaris.*,solaris. If type is . For example: datesetter: :: :type=role; profile=Date Management. By default all Solaris users are granted Basic Solaris User profile. The default. profile stored in /etc/security/policy. Effective profile for normal users can also be changed, for example for the user Joe Doers the profile. Log Management. doerj: :: :type=normal; profile=Date Management(right profile attributes/authorizations). Associates names of right profiles (or simply profiles, although the tem is confusing). Only authorizations listed in are allowed. But surprisingly the only form. There is no wildcard capabilities of regular expression. Also there is no way to deny certain lower level authorization while. For example, I cannot specify expressions like (solaris. There is also no possibility to grant global access to a specific. In general I see no any attempt to incorporate the access. TCP wrappers, firewalls and similar programs. That makes creation of. Perl scripts that generate any combination of authorizations you want quote easily. Like I mentioned in my lecture before there are several predefined right profiles (all. All right profile that provides a role access to commands without security attributes. In a non- RBAC system, this role would be equivalent to the root user. System Administrator. The System Administrator rights profile uses discrete supplementary. Operator right profile Designed specifically for the Operator role. The Operator rights. Basic Solaris. User right profile that enables users to perform tasks that are. Printer Management. There are many Sun- supplied. Solaris 9), for example: Primary Administrator (profile that permits performing all administrative tasks). Basic Solaris User (Default profile assigned to the new accounts )Operator (Can perform simple administrative tasks). The fields in the /etc/security/exec. Profile names are case. In. Solaris 9 the suser (superuser policy model) is the only valid policy entry. The only valid type. Reserved for future use. Reserved for future use. A string identifying the entity. You can use the asterisk (*) wildcard. To specify arguments, write a script. An optional list of key- value pairs that describes the security attributes. You can specify zero or more keys. The list of valid key. There are four valid keys: euid, uid, egid, and gid. Commands designated with euid run with the effective UID indicated, which is similar to setting. Commands designated with uid run with both the real and. UIDs set to the UID you specify. Commands designated with egid run with the effective GID indicated, which is similar to setting. Commands designated with gid run with both the real and. GIDs set to the GID you specify. For example Date Management: suser: cmd: :: /usr/bin/date: euid=0. Adds to the profile . Privileges (authorizations) are structured. DNS with dots separating each constituent: Authorizations for the Solaris OE use solaris as a prefix. The suffix indicates what is being authorized, typically the functional area and operation. When there is no suffix (that is, the authname consists of a prefix, a functional area, and. GUI rather than as an authorization. The authname solaris. When authname ends with the word grant, the authname serves as a grant authorization. The authname solaris. It gives the user the right to delegate such authorizations. It also identifies the help file that explains. Essentially provides system. Entries consist of key- value pairs, for example. AUTHS. Paradoxically RBAC can be more useful for application accounts then to . That means. that for a large organization an optimal plan for conversion to RBAC is first to convert system and. Among system roles are root and operator. Both roles can (and probably should ) be converted. Solaris. By application accounts we mean the account used for structuring permissions and launching processes. Oracle, Webshere, Apache, Sendmail, bind, etc) because. The main command line tools include: roleadd . Checks for authorization to assume a role. Executes commands with the attributes specified in the exec. Use the - R option to assign a role to a user. Dik. Role- based access control allows system administrators to delegate the administrative control. Users can be given the ability to run commands with additional privilege. Either by assigning a profile directly to the user, in which case no additional authentication. Or by creating a role. It can also be used to build restrictive environments for users. RBAC is documented, patched, updated and integrated throughout Solaris RBAC is supported by the Solaris Management Console and Web. Min GUI's RBAC is integrated with SMF in Solaris 1. RBAC is evaluated along with the rest of the OS during Common Criteria evaluations. Sudo is. not included in the evaluation. RBAC actions are audited by the same CC evaluated audit facility used through Solaris RBAC offers roles as well as the pfexec command which provides a similar. Cross platform Support for control of CLI arguments (see TODO list below) Support for setting per command environment (see TODO list below) Having sudo be privilege aware would be great for Open. Solaris as well. This would probably be. It would be very cool if someone could implement this and contribute it. The following best practice documents for using RBAC in developing other parts of Open. Solaris. can be found in the ARC community: The following is a list of mini projects or RFEs that we know we need to implement in the Open. Solaris. RBAC framework to get parity with sudo or to fill a customer need. Please help us out by implementing one of these: Control of environment variables. Ability to set and clear any environment variable for a specific entry in exec. Control of command line args.
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